Techniques

Diaphragmatic (belly) breathing: how to do it

Diaphragmatic breathing - often called belly breathing - means breathing low and slow so your belly rises more than your chest. It is less a fixed rhythm and more a way of breathing that pairs naturally with slow, extended-exhale breaths.

Moderate supportReviewed 2026-08-02 · BreathMate Editorial

Rather than a timed pattern, this is about where the breath moves. It is a gentle foundation you can bring to any of the paced techniques.

The pattern

Rhythm: 4 · 6 (one cycle ≈ 10s)
Breathing phases in seconds
PhaseSeconds
Inhale4s
Exhale6s

There is no rigid count. Pair a low belly breath with a gently longer exhale, for example 4 in and 6 out.

How to do it

  1. Put a hand on your belly
    Sitting or lying comfortably.
  2. Breathe in low and slow
    Let the belly rise under your hand more than the chest.
  3. Exhale gently and a little longer
    Feel the belly fall. Keep it relaxed.

Common uses

  • A foundation for other breathing techniques.
  • Relaxation and winding down.
  • Learning to breathe less into the upper chest.

What the evidence suggests

Evidence: Moderate support

Slow, diaphragm-led breathing is part of the slow-breathing research associated with relaxation and improved heart-rate variability. It is often taught as a basis for other techniques.[1][2]

Safety

A gentle technique for most people. If breathing "into the belly" feels effortful, let it be subtle rather than exaggerated.

Beginner version

Lie down with a hand on your belly and simply notice it rise and fall - no counting needed at first.

How BreathMate implements it

BreathMate’s slow sessions naturally encourage low, diaphragmatic breathing, with the membrane pacing an easy, longer exhale.

Sources

  1. The physiological effects of slow breathing in the healthy human — Russo MA, Santarelli DM, O'Rourke D, Breathe (European Respiratory Society) (2017). doi:10.1183/20734735.009817
  2. How Breath-Control Can Change Your Life: A Systematic Review of Psycho-Physiological Correlates of Slow Breathing — Zaccaro A, et al., Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (2018). doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00353

This is general wellbeing information compiled by our editorial team, not medical advice.